Pdf Blog Clipboard Linux Although many do not notice, to understand how a computer should understand how "right".
The reasoning of a PC, the base is simple: if it is not true, is false, if not on, is off, if not 1, is 0, that's it, internet, games, protocols, everything is based on this on the bit.
Definition of bits (from wikipedia
): bit is the unit definition of a logic state. Also called an elementary unit of information processed by a computer commonly known sequences of bits in the largest size that can have values \u200b\u200bin ranges much wider than that allowed by a single bit. These clusters typically contain a number of binary strings corresponding to a binary power
, standing at 2
n the best known is the
bytes (also called octet), corresponding to 8 bits, which is the '
units of measurement used in the field more information Now, just to give an example, I examine IP addresses: the IP protocol provides an address that consists of 4 decimal numbers separated by dots: xyzw, each number decimal equals one byte, then 8 bits for a total of 32 bits.
Then, taking as an example the address 192.168.0.1 (traditional Class C address), we can translate: 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001. Note that if all the bits that make up the bytes are equal to 1 (11111111) in the resulting decimal is, incidentally 255, from here you can guess the address, netmask usually set in Class C: 255.255.255.0 where the first 3 bytes represent the network and the fourth is the unique name of the host.
Returning to bits, we can see that the form of Class C network, may be used in / 24, which corresponds to the number of bits: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 or 255.255.255.0. Basically, if I write 192.168.0.1/24 represents both the host address that the network mask. Going on practical, using this command: nmap 192.168.0.1/24
, tells Nmap to scan network across the network starting at 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.255
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